Method of treating materials with solutions of titanous salts.



'iTo-alliwhom-itiifiay coacemzrz V M; EDWARD' sw m r, -a citizen gar. the United ,States, and a" resident of Rutherford, I in the county of 'Bergena and. :State-iof NewfJersey," have jannori mnnnrac'runme comranm'orf-Wifim' ,tK-"Y a g mmerge:mamaenmamnswfia seem-ms or masons-same -invent ed' certain new and us ef-ul Improve- -rhen'ts in: Methods, 10f 'Treatingflvlaterials with Solutions of Titanousr Salts, .olf' which ":the'following is awjspecifi'cation; i

ing of materials, komprising' 'textilefabrics;

'- My presentinyentionrelabes to the bleachthus" including the. dischar in o'r restoring, of certain coloring matters such as dyes, and

I ,other organic substances whether-of natural i5g'or artificial production.

Th'e'objects of my invention comprise pro} yision of methods for's'o treatinggthe are rials, WhlCh, ar'efcmoresimple economical,

1 raI 'id',-.certain,f-and less injuriousthan'here 20:

- -methodsahereinafter-"described;

to ore: attain these objects by my novel "the reducing tion of acid-derived solutions containing solutions, and,. to'this end resort hadto soli- -tion -'-of rthe al- 10y 'of.- iron and titanium; n

hydrochloric acid, but my researches and tim'nousf compou'nds, has been known in bleaching I aforesaid,- likewise the ad a-ntagei "'of'iron, to produce .ferrous chlorid, n;- such tests have demonstrated that whilefsuch lasta swell as theother.iprevious'methods, involving" use of preliminarily prepared unit soludefic-ient because of their -Ino 're, or les s,' ra'pid deterioration, involying corresponding exhaustionoftheir activitydu'e t0 'thelrco'rr' tact with .the materials treated, to their oxidation from exposure-Q to the a1r,-or to boththes'e, aswell as other causes. .7

It willrbe understood that the present aptions, ha.ve proved. to a greater, or less, extentproved metho'd of manipulating the mate-' .rials', say for} example bolts of fabric, is, as

by unreeling and re-reeling them, he cause the fabric to] pass. continuously, through the previously prepared unit ofsolutio'n the constitu ents of which have been calculated assembledinproportions inferred to bQSLlIi- 7 [able for the wor kin hand.

For entire treatment of an estimated quantity. of thelatter, such charge, or unit, has been hitherto usuallyrelied on, it'being prepared in advance by a necessarily skilful operator, andmodifications thereoflfiurm thepassag'e 'therethrough of the piece 42 55 'ifabric, as by addition"of alkali to 4231 per destructiveacidity, being deprecated; nct fproh'ibited, as injurious or-undes'irehle *makeshifis in aid of faulty original 6"- position." compared with my pre f-'methods,; this hitherto'jpractised' p1 not, only-'requires' greater skill, knowledge, andexperience on tin, theopera'tor, but alsojempparativel expenditure of. i1" ients,- on deteriorations mien-ed to, and r u? ally, inlmuch less perfect ahd 'mifmim products. I. have discovered" that the M ity, 'e; the bleaching, discharging, storing functions'of the titan'ousi ch10 solution are mostinte nse, uniform and f fect in. its nascent-stabeand decrease them after-{according ftO" the time since elapexi; likewisethat constant liberation of are hydrogen infthe solution greatlysafeguit against undesirable, ;o r prohibilnr y an tion; The value of'the'se' nascent com of the agents employed have not, I h been hitherto appreciated or -utilized.

art, and hence ,the' substantial, if r hibitory, J difficulties and detrimente "to, I believe, attendingempl0yment ,trially of titanou's salt solutions for i purposes referredto.

My novelmethod discards the hi r preliminary preparation of-the' solution, a unit, and ,on the contrary so assembles manipula testhe agents employeda's to can stantly and 'uniformlyhring into the presence of the materials treated, diiri ng their 9:"

passage through the solution, nascent rim nous ehlorid, and into the-solution at all times suflicient nascent hydrogen to preremz undesirableoxidation; Y

' A novel feature of my methodis to have: "in the bath comprising my solution, during treatment of the materialsa snpply of me- .tallie't-itanium; anotltier novel feature to add to said bath during passage of the 'fah rics therethrou'gh. an acid solvent. of iitzr niuni, preferably hydrochlori arixL I- prefer also to'have in said bath during trestmentof the materials a supply of mctalliiron. I am not aware, and do not lwlic're that prior to my invention any materials have thus been subwcted to action of "a huh containing metallic titanium, or metallic titanium .and -metalliciron, 'orthat to any such bath has been added during such treat.-

nium say up to These ingredients of" the charge I prefer to crush to moderate being taken thatv it. be, suflici'en't to insure throughout the .contemplad treatment presence -'ofmetallic titaniu or of metallic titanium andiron in; the bath. For eziam 1c in one instance. I chargedfihto -the yat'fOO lbs. of'thesaid alloy, 25 titanium. -Upon chloric acid'and water, equal parts,'to sub-- merge the alloy. When .action was well underway I added enough Water to con- Venientlyi fill the vat to. a volume suitable "L -for passage theret'hrough of pieces of tera- '--tilfe fabrics in the manner above escribe adjusted, as should be, its acid strength to.

apointls uitablefor the -workin hand This,

I didhyi'taking' thespecific granity jof the liquor while-adding-thereto water until the properpoint 'say .1 Twf. was' reached. JI then started-the .fabribs passage through. the bath whence theypased through the usual washing ap aratusfto remove there;

--from the acid an salts. By their passage through the bat-ll the fabrics treated not only removed therefrom said acids and, salts, but also substantial volumes of the bath. These deductions from'the bath I compensated for byadding' to the latter, during passage of 5 the fabrics 'theret-hrough, .a mixture of hyst'rength prepare as aforesaid. This was allowed to flow into the vat substantially continuously- .and in quantity sufficient to make up the aforesaid lossof-the liquor, 2". e, the level of the bath was maintained substantially constant duringftrea'tment therein as aforesaid f of the entire piece, or. pieces, of fabric operated v on Theresults' -of my method "thus titanous'chlorid and hydrogen in :presence of the fabrics'during the entirc'passage of 0 .being, as will be understood, due to the continuous dissolving of the metals thus, for

-the first time I believe, constantly contained in the bath:

As compared with the hitherto, I believe 5.5 universal, practice of employing preh-mi and titanium now ohtain able in the market fineness, say about No.1 mesh; The quantity will depend of course 0l circumstances, care 1 Before entering tlielfabrics into t e bath I dro'chloric acid and water "of the same and character as that originallycomprise continuousforma'tion of nascentthelatter through; the bath, said hydrogen naril-y' prepared unit solutions which are decanted andallowed to stand a s-such indefimtely prior" to and during use, the .qasc.

economy, uninj'uriousness, and; certainty with,

which m'y-niethod can be practised is notaj ble; also the fact that comparatively unslcilled laborcan be relied on to thereby 'sufiiciently' and' properly initially charge the yat with metal,". to proportion the initial mix-- ture of hydrochloric acid and water halfand half, to ascertain t e required Twaddell, and thereafter-to supp y the substantially continuous. regulated inflow of similar acidso- --l ution-unt1l the operation is completed; But.

even more important is the resultin economy, effectiveness and harmlessness 0f thus using on'the fabrics the. continuously nascent titanouschllorid substantially as fast as it is produced-insteado't-,as heretofore, trusting thereto afteizits inevitable impairment in .activity and efficiency through attaclrs I thereon by other chemical" agents present;

- this I poured enough of a mixture of hydroi also the advantaged-thus keeping the b th,

frominpeption .to,finish of the operation, at its initial efiiciencyrelativelyto the'coloring matters to be bleached,disoharged,or restqred in the fabrics. Itwill also be noted that by means of my method a special advantage issecured when dealing .With materials of ,anir'n'al origin'such as silks and wools, and 5 this particularly ln'mstances in which iron is not supplied to the bath, '5. e; the consumption of the tltanous ohlorid, substantially as fast as produced, by its chemical combination"wit.h constituents ot thecoloringmattom abridgesopportunity for its useless decomposition in. the bath to produce titanic acid, and -the -fre' e ,,"chlorin injurious to animal substances.

i The titan'ous chlorid acts, wi' n. its nascent 10 state, more powerfully as a reducing agentuponcertain color1ngmatters,-wheth er natural or; artificiaL. It thus deozii'dipes as re 'uired to improve the appearance of the abrici Wherever it) has' *been undesirably 11 affected. by. oxidizing agents-;r.as for 'examplain-discharging, it Ithusjoperates' to remove the -color from. previously artificially applied; dyes; wh e in restoring; it operates similarlyiin restorinoriginal oolor 'topor: 1 vtions of the fabric 'w 'ich, byfreason of preyious finishing 'or bleachingtreatments, ha c been unduly oxidized and f'con sequenty I dimmed or; altered. Y

Itwill be understood do; not con I12 fine myself-to hydrochloric acid forithe purpose mentioned ;-.sulfuri'c,. orany-othersuit- -abl'e;{ acid, capable under theh conditions mentioned, of v titanium-, and. also What I claim as 'llewand: desire to secure by Letters Patent isl'the following, viz':-

which comprises immersing them in a bath containin metallic titanium and an 'acid solvent 0 titanium.

2. The method of bleaching materials which comprises immersin them in a bath containing 'metallic titanium and hydrochloric acid.

3. The method of bleaching materials which comprises immersing them in a bath containin metallic titanium, metallic iron and an acid solvent of titanium and of iron.

4. The method of bleaching materials, which comprises immersing them in a bath containing metallic titanium, metallic iron and hydrochloric acid.

which comprises passing them 'through a bath containing metallic titanium and during such passage adding to said bath hydrochloric acid.

'9. The method of bleaching materials which comprises-passing them through a bath containing tallic titanium and metallic iron and during such passage adding to said bath an acid solvent of titanium and ofiron.

10. The method of bleaching materials which comprises passing them through a bath containing metallic titanium and metallic iron and during such passage adding to said bath hydrochloric acid.

11. The method of bleaching materials (which comprises passing them through a bath containing an alloy of iron and titasuch passage adding to nium and durin solvent of titanium and said bath an aci 'of iron.

'12. The method of bleaching materials which comprises passing them through a bath containing an alloy of iron and tita' nium and during such pamage adding to said bath hydrochloric acld.

CHRISTIAN M. EDWARD SCHROEDER.

Witnesses:

WALTER D. EnMoNos, PHILIP C. PEoK. 

